A guide to managing coastal erosion in beach/dune systems

• Index
• Tables
• Figures
• Appendices

Contents

• Preface
• Introduction
• Dunes, beaches and the sea
• Long-term evolution of dunes
  • Sources of sand for dunes
  • Losses of sand from dunes
  • Consequences for dune evolution
• Short-term dune evolution processes
  • Accretion of dunes
  • Dune erosion
• Attributes of coastal dunes
• Classification of Scottish dunes
• The legal framework
• Coast Protection Legislation in Scotland
  • Introduction
  • Summary of Legislation
• Nature Conservation Issues and Legislation
• Strategic approach to dune management
• Processes
• Risks
• Funding
• Consultation
• Coastal Cells and Shoreline Management Plans
• Management options
• Possible approaches
• Engineering considerations
  • Materials
  • Transport and placement
  • Costs
  • Environmental impacts
  • Work windows
  • Maintenance
• Recommended approaches
• References and Bibliography
• Scottish regional information
• Further guidance for dune management
• Coastal processes and shoreline management
• Glossary
• Abbreviations
• Appendix 1 Erosion management options
• Adaptive management
• Dune grass planting
• Dune thatching
• Dune fencing
• Beach recycling and reprofiling
• Sandbag structures
• Beach nourishment
• Gabion revetments
• Artificial headlands
• Artificial reefs
• Nearshore breakwater
• Groynes
• Beach drainage
• Rock revetments
• Timber revetments
• Impermeable revetments and seawalls
• Novel coast protection methods
• Appendix 2 Monitoring erosion and change in dune systems by simple and specialist techniques
  • Introduction
  • Aims and objectives for monitoring
  • Priorities for measurement
  • Frequency, timing and location of measurements
  • Monitoring techniques – low cost approaches
  • Monitoring techniques – aerial photography
  • Measurements of the physical environment
  • Data Storage and Analysis
  • Data Sheets for Download
• Credits

6.3 Coastal processes and shoreline management

• Bruun, P (1983). Beach scraping: is it damaging to beach stability? Coastal Engineering 7, 167-173, Elsevier.
• Carter, R W G (1988). Coastal Environments. Academic Press. London.
• Carter, R W G. (1980). Human activities and geomorphic processes: the example of recreation pressure on the Northern Ireland coast. Z. Geomorph., n.s. 34 (Suppl.), 155-164.
• CERC (1984). Shore Protection Manual. U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Coastal Engineering Research Center. Washington, D. C.
• CIRIA (1996). Beach Management Manual. CIRIA Report 153. Construction Industry Research and Information Association.
• CIRIA/CUR (1991). Manual on the use of rock in coastal and shoreline engineering. CIRIA Special Publication 83/CUR Report 154. Construction Industry Research and Information Association.
• Hansom, J D (1988). Coasts. Cambridge University Press. 96pp.
• Hansom, J D, Crick, M & John, S (1999). The potential application of Shoreline Management Planning to Scotland. Scottish Natural Heritage Review No. 121. Scottish Natural Heritage, Perth.
• HR Wallingford (1991). A Guide to The Selection of Appropriate Coast Protection Words for Geological Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Report No. EX 2112, Wallingford. 83pp.
• Kana, W T & Svetlichny M (1982). Artificial manipulation of beach profiles. Proc. Coastal Engineering Conference, Cape Town.
• MAFF (1993a). Coastal defence and the environment: A guide to good practice. Flood and Coastal Defence Division, MAFF. London. Report 1191.
• MAFF (1993b). Flood and coastal defence: Project appraisal guidance notes. Flood and Coastal Defence Division, MAFF. London. Report PB 1214.
• MAFF (1993c). Shoreline Management Plans. Interim guidance on contents and procedures for developing SMPs. Flood and Coastal Defence Division, MAFF. London.
• MAFF (1995). Shoreline Management Plans. A guide for coastal defence authorities. Flood and Coastal Defence Division, MAFF. London. PB 2197.
• MAFF (1997). Interim guidance for the strategic planning and appraisal of flood and coastal defence schemes. Flood and Coastal Defence Division, MAFF. London.
• MAFF (1998). Shoreline Management Plans. Advisory Notes Nos 1-12. Unpub. Interim Guidance Prepared by the SMP Advisory Group. Flood and Coastal Defence Division, MAFF. London.
• Motyka, J M & Brampton, A H (1993). Coastal management. Mapping of littoral cells. Unpub. rep to MAFF. Hydraulics Research Wallingford. Report SR 328. 102pp.
• Nash, E (1962). Beach and sand dune erosion control at Cape Hatteras National Seashore: a five year review (1956-1961). Manteo, NC: National Park Service.
• Pethick, J (1984). An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology. Edward Arnold, London. 250pp.
• Pilarczyk, K W (1990). Design of seawalls and dikes, including overview of revetments. In: Coastal Protection, Proceedings of the short course on coastal protection. Delft University of Technology. A A Balkema, Rotterdam, Brookfield.
• Pilarczyk, K W (1995). Geotextiles systems for coastal protection. Int. Conf. Coastal and Port Engineering in Developing Countries, Brazil.
• Scottish Office (1997). National Planning Policy Guideline 13. Coastal planning. Scottish Office Development Department.
• Steers, J A (1969). The Sea Coast. Collins New Naturalist.
• Steers, J A (1973). The Coastline of Scotland. Cambridge University Press.
• Swash, A R H, Leafe, R N & Radley, G P (1995). Shoreline Management Plans and Environmental Considerations. In: Healy, MG and Doody, JP (eds), Directions in European Coastal Management, Samara Publishing Ltd, Cardigan. 161-167.
• Thomas, R S & Hall, B (1992). Seawall design. Prepared for CIRIA. Butterworths, London.
• Tye, R S (1983). Impact of Hurricane David and Mechanical Dune Restoration on Folly Beach, South Carolina. Shore & Beach, April 1983.
• Viles, H & Spencer, T (1995). Coastal Problems: Geomorphology, Ecology and Society at the Coast. Edward Arnold, London, 350pp.

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